Hover over boxes to see requirements for unmanned-traffic-management (UTM) systems that direct drone flights
The challenge of building roads in the sky
Severe-weather redirection
If there’s bad weather ahead, drones need to know. UTM systems monitor developing weather situations and send relevant information to unmanned aerial systems.
Congestion management
Commuters change their route if they know traffic is ahead, and the same should hold true for drones. UTM systems must be able to monitor traffic and suggest alternative routes.
Contingency management
If drones accidentally enter restricted airspace, or encounter conditions that threaten their mission (eg, internal failure or foreign objects), UTM systems will redirect them or provide emergency-landing guidance.
Terrain avoidance
Just like airplanes, UTM systems must inform drones of all obstacles—mountains, tall trees, electrical pylons, or buildings, just to name a few.
Dynamic geofencing
Drones can’t get too close to certain government buildings, nuclear plants, and other facilities where a crash could be disastrous. There might even be restrictions for flying over outdoor concerts or other large one-off events.
Sequencing and spacing
Takeoff and landing are often the most complicated parts of any flight. UTM systems help direct takeoffs and landings to maintain safe and smooth operations.
Route planning and rerouting
The shortest flight path may not always be the best one. UTM systems find routes that get drones to their desired locations most quickly based on their size, weather conditions, and other factors that affect flight.
Separation management
Drones can’t tailgate. UTM systems must ensure a safe distance between them as they fly.
Compliance with airspace regulation
The rules of flight vary depending on altitude and proximity to people, places, and objects. UTM systems must be programmed to understand these requirements.
